Öz Bilinçten Tanrı’ya Öz Bilinç Bir Gizem mi, Yoksa Tanrı’nın Varlığına Delil mi?
Bir an için düşünün: Bilinçli olduğumuzun bilincinde olmak ne anlama gelir? Bu soru, çağdaş zihin felsefesinin en çetin meselelerinden biri olan bilinç probleminin kalbinde yer alıyor. Natüralist ve indirgemeci yaklaşımlar bilinci çözülmesi zor bir gizem olarak görürken, bazı teist çevreler aynı gizemi Tanrı’nın varlığına delil saymaktadır. M. Alperen Saz, Öz Bilinçten Tanrı’ya adlı bu çalışmasında düalizm–monizm tartışmalarını, çağdaş bilinç teorilerini ve teistik bilinç argümanlarını, felsefi kırılmaları da dikkate alarak derinlemesine analiz ediyor. Gizemci teist anlayışların ötesine geçerek öz bilinçten Tanrı’nın varlığına ulaşmanın imkânını gösteren yeni bir kanıt öne sürüyor: Modal Metafizik Bilinç Kanıtı. İbn Sînâ metafiziğine dayanan bu kanıt, bilinçli olduğumuzun bilincinden hareketle Tanrı’nın varlığına ulaşmanın daha sağlam bir yol olduğunu gösterirken, felsefe için metafiziğe dönüş zamanının geldiğini, çıkmaz sokaklara giren bilinç tartışmaları üzerinden ortaya koyuyor.
Peki, acaba gerçekten öyle mi: “Nefsini bilen, Rabbini bilir mi?’’
Anahtar Kelimeler: Benlik; Bilinç; Öz Bilinç; Tanrı; Bilinç Kanıtı; İbn Sînâ; Metafizik; Temel Kavramlar Doktrini; Modal Metafizik Bilinç Kanıtı
From Self-Consci̇ȯ usness to God Is Self-Consciousness a Mystery or an Argume rgument for the Existence of God?
This study examines theories and arguments concerning self and consciousness
within the framework of the philosophy of mind. Moreover,
it proposes a new consciousness argument. In the first chapter, a conceptual
analysis of the concepts of self and consciousness is provided,
introducing the fundamental problems within the philosophy of mind
that are related to these concepts. This section also addresses theoretical
debates between dualism and monism, as well as discussions on
consciousness and opposing perspectives. The second chapter delves
deeper into the core tensions within the philosophy of mind, focusing
on specific and contemporary theories of consciousness. In doing so, it
aims to clarify the problem and provide a more comprehensive analysis.
The main perspectives analyzed in this chapter include atheist-materialist
theories of consciousness and theist-materialist perspectives on
human nature and consciousness. The third chapter is divided into two
parts. The first part discusses the consciousness arguments put forward
by Richard Swinburne, Robert M. Adams, and J.P. Moreland, analyzing
their strengths and weaknesses. The second part introduces a new
consciousness argument, referred to as a metaphysical argument. This
argument is proposed by incorporating the robust aspects of Locke’s
argument and the ideas of Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā) and Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī.
According to this argument, which critiques naturalism and scientism,
the direct awareness of the statement “I exist” inherently contains the
concept of existence itself. Given this modality, it is argued that the argument
ultimately points to the existence of a necessary being, namely
God. Furthermore, it is concluded that, compared to materialist and
naturalist intuitions, this metaphysical awareness which entails a being(
universe) with consciousness and incorporates a system offers a significantly
more explanatory framework. nt for the Existence of God?
This study examines theories and arguments concerning self and consciousness
within the framework of the philosophy of mind. Moreover,
it proposes a new consciousness argument. In the first chapter, a conceptual
analysis of the concepts of self and consciousness is provided,
introducing the fundamental problems within the philosophy of mind
that are related to these concepts. This section also addresses theoretical
debates between dualism and monism, as well as discussions on
consciousness and opposing perspectives. The second chapter delves
deeper into the core tensions within the philosophy of mind, focusing
on specific and contemporary theories of consciousness. In doing so, it
aims to clarify the problem and provide a more comprehensive analysis.
The main perspectives analyzed in this chapter include atheist-materialist
theories of consciousness and theist-materialist perspectives on
human nature and consciousness. The third chapter is divided into two
parts. The first part discusses the consciousness arguments put forward
by Richard Swinburne, Robert M. Adams, and J.P. Moreland, analyzing
their strengths and weaknesses. The second part introduces a new
consciousness argument, referred to as a metaphysical argument. This
argument is proposed by incorporating the robust aspects of Locke’s
argument and the ideas of Avicenna (Ibn Sīnā) and Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī.
According to this argument, which critiques naturalism and scientism,
the direct awareness of the statement “I exist” inherently contains the
concept of existence itself. Given this modality, it is argued that the argument
ultimately points to the existence of a necessary being, namely
God. Furthermore, it is concluded that, compared to materialist and
naturalist intuitions, this metaphysical awareness which entails a being(
universe) with consciousness and incorporates a system offers a significantly
more explanatory framework.
Keywords: Self; Consciousness; Self Awareness; God; Argument from
Consciousness; Avicenna, Metaphysics; Doctrine of Primary Notions;
Modal Metaphysical Argument from Consciousness for the Existence
of God
İÇ SAYFALAR
