Mükemmellikten Zorunluluğa: Tanrı-Zaman İlişkisi

From Perfection to Necessity: God–Time Relation
This book examines the relationship between God and time within the
framework of conceptions of divine perfection, with particular focus
on the distinction between Perfect Being Theology (PBT) and Necessary
Existent Theology (NET). Drawing on the core attributes of classical theism
– divine immutability, simplicity, transcendence, and necessity – the
study reconsiders the question of whether God is temporal or timeless.
The first chapter presents different interpretations of perfection, eternity,
and time. In this context, it is argued that PBT grounds perfection
in the maximization of attributes, which in turn renders God implicitly
open to categories such as change and temporality. The second chapter
analyzes contemporary models of divine temporality and changing perfection,
and evaluates the claim that God can relate to the world only
as a temporal agent. The third chapter, by contrast, adopts NET as its
central framework and argues that God’s status as a necessary, fully actual,
simple, and immutable being entails timelessness; it further explores
how acts of creation and sustaining can be understood as a single
timeless divine act. In conclusion, the study contends that interpreting
perfection not in terms of the greatness of attributes but in terms of ontological
necessity renders God’s timelessness not merely possible but
necessary. In this way, the study aims to demonstrate that a conception
of perfection grounded in necessary existence provides the most robust
foundation for divine timelessness within debates on the God-time relationship.
Keywords: God; Perfection; Time; Eternity; Necessity