Hicrî III. Asırda Mu’tezile-Şia Etkileşimi

Mu’tazila-Shia Interaction in the Hijri Third Century

The study that we examine the interaction between two sects that were
formed in the early period is comprised of three sections. The general
frame of the study, followed method and sources which were used
throughout the study are introduced in the prologue. In the thesis, relationships
between Mu’tazila and Shia and as a result of it, the idea that
Shia was mostly affected by Mu’tazila are tried to be proved.
As Mu’tazila and Shia are two subjects of this study, the process of formation
has an importance in terms of the topic. Therefore in the first
section, the occurance of the subject matter “two sects”, the process of
being sect and the process of formation are examined within the frame
of their basic principles.
In the second section, the general condition of the Abbasids from their
establishment until the end of the Hijri third era has been briefly stated,
then in this period, the determination of the relationships of Mu’tazila
and Shia with the Abbasid power has been aimed. Especially, that both
sects were dealt with the same treatments by the power, most of the
time in the same periods is significant in the sense of the subject of the
study. The impressive role of politics on the sects became determinative
in the second and third centuries, and this condition became effective in
the development of relationship of Mu’tazila and Shia in many aspects.
In the third section, the interaction between two sects is examined from
the earliest period, particularly Mihna process and its following situations
and development of the relationship between them have been
chronologically tried to be followed within the framework of principles
of history of sects. Again in the last section, as far as it can be determined,
what the interaction between Mu’tazila and Shiais about and the
change of ideas within this process have been presented.
Keywords: Mu’tazila; Shia; Sects; Politics; Interaction