Rationality in the Gap
An Inquiry into the Philosophy of Mind, Language
and Action in Bachelard and Searle
In discussions on the nature of rationality, the dominant role of instrumental
rationality has taken on a new form with the development of
computational approaches in the post-computer era. These approaches
frame the mind as a symbolic processor and define thinking through
algorithmic solvability. As a result, rationality is reduced not only to a
technically functional structure but also to a model that simplifies the
nature of the mind itself. Thought is represented through operational
logic, abstracted from context and consciousness, thereby narrowing
the concept of rationality in an artificial way. Gaston Bachelard and
John R. Searle expose this limitation from distinct philosophical perspectives.
Bachelard emphasizes the discontinuous nature of scientific
progress, while Searle argues that mental content emerges through intentionality
and social interaction rather than syntactic representation.
These two lines of thought challenge the idea that rationality can be
captured by fixed structures or formal rules. Instead, they point to a
process that unfolds through discontinuities, shaped by context and
contingency. This shared concern takes shape in the critical framework
of “rationality in the gap.” This concept proposes that rationality cannot
be confined to a calculable capacity. Rather than being a self-contained
mental faculty, rationality involves a complex interplay of cognitive,
social, and historical factors. Attempts to isolate it within procedural
or computational models overlook its openness and generative potential.
“Rationality in the gap” highlights this excess -rationality’s persistent
tendency to overflow our efforts to define or represent it- and
reasserts, at a philosophical level, the indeterminate, tension-filled, and
context-sensitive nature of thought.
Keywords: History of Philosophy; Rationality; Computational Approaches;
Instrumental Rationality; Bachelard; Searle; Rationality in
Gap