İşârî Tefsirlerde Tabiat Sembolizmi

Natural Symbolism in Ishari Commentaries
From its inception to the present day, the Quran has been interpreted
in various ways. As a result, various schools of exegesis have emerged
over time. One of these schools is the Isharī/Sufi school of exegesis. Sufi
exegesis, which focuses on the esoteric and esoteric meanings of the
verses, has attained a significant position and has subsequently become
an independent school of exegesis in the literature. In these exegesis,
generally categorized as Isharī esoteric, the exegete considers that certain
concrete objects or events and phenomena mentioned in the verses
point to certain inner meanings in the spiritual and spiritual realms
and contain certain hidden meanings. According to this approach, humans
are depicted as a small replica of the universe, and the universe
is depicted as a large human being. The winds, trees, clouds, rain, seas,
mountains, birds, bees, stones, and other events and phenomena related
to the cosmic realm mentioned in the verses are symbols of the emotions
and conflicts of humanity in the spiritual realm, while elements
of nature are also symbols that bring to life certain Sufi concepts. For
example, the comparison of the bee to the person of the seyr-u suluk by
some commentators is an example of this.
Our study identifies interpretations of verses related to nature in Isharī/
Sufi exegesis, compares them, and provides some evaluations. Our
study consists of an introduction and two sections. The introduction
provides some general information about Isharī exegesis, followed by
the purpose and importance of our research, some related studies, the
scope and methodology of the research, and the sources of the research.
The first section provides information on the definition and nature of
Isharī tafsīr, the concepts of sign, zāhir, and esoteric, the Sufi dimension
of Isharī tafsīr, its legitimacy, the conditions for its acceptance, esotericism,
the differences between esoteric and esoteric tafsīr, criticisms
leveled against Isharī tafsīr, and their evaluation. The second section
examines the symbolic equivalents of natural entities in Isharī tafsīrs,
which constitute the main topic of our thesis. Under this heading, the
relationship between symbolism and Isharī tafsīr, the symbolic equivviii
alents of inanimate objects, and the symbolic equivalents of animate
objects are discussed. The conclusion provides a general assessment of
our findings. As a result of these findings, the rich semantic world of
Isharī/Sufi tafsīrs has been explored. In particular, the symbolic meanings
attributed to the verses related to nature by the Isharite/Sufite
commentators were analyzed and a comparison was made between
these commentators.
Keywords: Tafsir; Isharī Tafsir; Nature; Symbolism; Mysticism