İstem Dışı Düşünce Olarak Havâtır ve Dinî Sorumluluk Değeri

Khawatir as a Way of Unwilled Thinking and Its Religious Responsibility Value

The issue of khawatir is a subject of the study of Kalam within the
context of Allah-human relationship. This study, which is in the centerline
of Mu’tazila and Ahl al-Sunnah, has an important place both in
understanding Allah’s actions and in the interpretation of human’s responsibility.
Because, along with the theological content it gained, khawatir,
which we discuss in the context of unwilled thoughts, will make
human act in accordance with the real purpose of creation by creating
religious and moral awareness. By attributing khawatir a mission that
supports consideration, thinkers of Mu’tazila aimed to ensure objectivity
in knowledge. By this, they also aimed to eliminate the human’s
excuses for the actions that he will put forward within the context of his
responsibility towards Allah. However, the Ahl al-Sunnah scholars, by
evaluating khawatir as part of the efforts to understand the inner world
of human beyond the offer context, attracted the attention to the perfect
structure of human beings. Because not analyzing the decision process
that is before making the offer would mean not understanding the offer.
For this reason, they rather tried to understand after what kind of a process,
situations like this etc. happening in human’s inner world are set
forth. Accordingly, while khawatir is an obligatory warning coming to
the existence as a result of the Divine action in order for the offer to be
authentic in Mu’tazila, it is one of the processes occurring in the heart
before the action happens in Ahl al-Sunnah.
Keywords: Khawatir; Mu’tazila; Ahl al-Sunnah; Ma’rifa; Offer