The formative period of Christianity was a period of intense institutional and doctrinal change and transformation. The Alexandrian Christian School was among the most influential institutions in this early period of Christianity. Influenced by and influencing Christianity, the Alexandrian Christian School played a significant role in Christian history and theology. Emerging in the religious, ethnic, and culturally diverse atmosphere of Alexandria, the Alexandrian Christian School was a leading institution influencing the historical, cultural, political, and religious background of early Christianity. This study first examines the city of Alexandria from various perspectives and then examines the ancient Alexandrian School, an institution that can be considered the forerunner and cultural foundation of the Alexandrian Christian School. It then provides comprehensive information about the Alexandrian Christian School, addressing its institutional structure, the thinkers it encompassed, and the works it left behind. The study also comprehensively explores the influence of the Alexandrian School on Christianity and the ways in which it did so. We anticipate that this study will fill a significant gap in the history of early Christianity, both in the Alexandrian School, an ancient school that influenced diverse faiths and cultures, and in the study of the Alexandrian School.